Few of us can afford the luxury of raising a child at home before school. As a rule, not one and a half, then three years after the birth, the mother goes to work. It remains to decide the question: who will take care of the child, educate and develop him. Three options are usually considered: grandparents, nanny or kindergarten. Moreover, most of us, due to certain circumstances, choose a kindergarten. Let's look at how to choose a good kindergarten for a child?

Benefits of Kindergarten

Of course, the main advantage of the kindergarten is that it gives the child the opportunity to communicate with peers. In games with children of their age, the foundations of interaction with people are laid, the ability to act together, to understand other people, develops. At the same time, no matter how good a kindergarten is, it can never replace a family for a child. Sometimes parents send their baby to kindergarten just to get rid of worries about him for a while. But the child will certainly feel and understand this sooner or later, and then the benefits of his stay in the kindergarten will be minimized. You should not send the baby to kindergarten only so that he learns to wash himself, eat, dress and undress, etc. on his own. He can learn these skills at home.

When should you send your child to kindergarten?

It is believed that before reaching the age of three, the child does not feel the need to communicate with peers and is very attached to his mother. Therefore, if the baby is sent to a nursery before 3 years, he will react sharply to separation from his mother, cry and yearn.
The period of life up to three years is called infancy. When it ends, most children go through a crisis - a kind of transitional period. At this time, the baby urgently needs your warmth and attention in order to survive this difficult period as painlessly as possible. In addition, if all children in the group are three years old and all have an age crisis, the situation there will be obviously conflict. In many countries of Western Europe, children start going to kindergarten (there it is considered part of the primary school and it is mandatory to attend) from the age of four.

When is it not advisable to send a child to kindergarten

• Immediately after the birth of the second child, otherwise the older baby will perceive this as a betrayal, exile.
• It is undesirable that the first trip to kindergarten coincided with serious changes in the life of the baby: moving to a new apartment, divorce of parents, and even rearranging furniture and a new pet.
  It is important that the baby has a sense of stability and security.

How to choose a kindergarten for a child

In general, preschool educational institutions can be divided into several groups:

• Municipal.
• Departmental.
• Private (commercial).
• Home (family).

Depending on the type of kindergarten, the curriculum varies, the number of children in the group, the quality of food and toys, and even the psychological atmosphere.

Municipal (district) kindergartens

This garden is familiar to all of us. It was in it that moms and dads took you as a child. A lot depends on the manager.

No matter what district kindergarten your child goes to, program classes must include:

• acquaintance with the surrounding world (with objects of the immediate environment, nature, phenomena of life);
• games (plot-role-playing, mobile, didactic);
• speech development (replenishment of vocabulary, teaching correct pronunciation, syllable coordination, oral storytelling);
• acquaintance with fiction (retelling of what was read, reading, memorization);
• teaching the basics of fine arts (drawing, modeling, appliqué);
• familiarity with elementary mathematical concepts (quantity, size, geometric shapes, orientation in space and time);
• music lessons (listening to music, singing, musical and rhythmic movements);
• physical education classes.

In many district kindergartens, in addition to compulsory classes, at the request of parents, additional paid ones are organized, for example: teaching a foreign language, choreography, and swimming. When you choose activities for your baby. Do not overdo it. A lot is not always good. Any activity should bring joy. Assess your child's abilities appropriately. And remember: you can opt out of paid services, even if all parents choose them.

Benefits of a municipal kindergarten

• A small cost, which is established by law. There are categories of beneficiaries, for example, single mothers, mothers with many children, etc.
• Proximity to home.

Disadvantages of a municipal kindergarten

• Too large group size (25 - 30 people), poor quality of care and supervision, uniformity in classes.
• Standard food.

Departmental kindergartens

These kindergartens are directly controlled by the Department of Education. Their programs and procedures are determined by the enterprises and organizations in whose department the kindergarten is located. These kindergartens are more expensive, but the children of the company's employees are given discounts. There are few departmental gardens now, and their number is declining.

Benefits of a departmental kindergarten

• Relatively small (compared to the municipal) number of children in the group.
• Better conditions for children (compared to municipal kindergartens).
• Thoughtful menu.

Disadvantages of a departmental kindergarten

• Quite high pay (up to several thousand).
• Sometimes there are difficulties with the enrollment of children "from outside".

Private kindergartens

In the absence of financial difficulties in the family, this is an ideal option. Private gardens are owned by one or more individuals. Accordingly, their level depends on the organizational characteristics of those to whom they belong.
Some of the private kindergartens were created on the basis of public ones, that is, they are located in the same building with them, but at the same time provide a wider range of services. Others occupy a separate building and work with children according to their own program. Such gardens work, as a rule, until eight or nine in the evening or around the clock.
Private kindergartens have a very intensive and rich development program. They are well provided with games and toys, visual aids.
Children can be taken for a walk to the nearest forested area. Control over the work of non-state preschool educational institutions is carried out through licensing, accreditation, certification of programs and certification of teachers.

Advantages of a private kindergarten

• A small number of children in the group - from 5 to 12 people.
• Children are easier to adapt to kindergarten.
• A variety of tasty food (fruits, juices, salads).
• Individual approach to children.
• Each group has several teachers.
• The development of children is monitored by speech therapists, psychologists, pediatricians, subject teachers.
• Parents have the right to influence the educational process - for example, through boards of trustees, they can inspect the kitchen, demand a financial report, even attend classes.
• Many private kindergartens operate on the system "kindergarten - school".
• There is video surveillance in the "online" mode - the installed video cameras record not only the image, but also the sound with an Internet connection. Such systems enable parents to observe in real time the life of their child, the behavior of the teacher. In addition, such tracking increases the safety of the child's presence in kindergarten.

Disadvantages of a private kindergarten

• The only downside is its cost.

Home (family) kindergarten

Usually, the owners of such a kindergarten arrange it in their apartment or rent a room in which they equip a bedroom and a playroom. They invite a teacher, a nanny, a cook, and for older children - teachers of a foreign language, music and drawing.

Benefits of home daycare

• Maximum care and attention, no injuries, conditions close to home.
• A small number of children from 3 to 5 people in a group.
• Individual approach.

Disadvantages of home kindergarten

• Very high pay.
• Possible problems associated with lack of equipment or premises.

The main criteria for selecting a kindergarten

1. First, pay attention to where the kindergarten is located. A separate building is preferable to the first floor of a residential building. It is undesirable if the territory where children walk goes directly to the street, and not to the yard.
2. Note whether it is clean near the garden, whether it is fenced with a closing gate, or whether everyone, including “dog lovers”, can safely move around the territory.
3. Pay attention to the presence of security guards in the garden.
4. Is there enough greenery on the territory, are there swings, slides, ladders for climbing.
5. Watch the children walking: do the teachers shout at them, do they organize games, do they limit the physical activity of the children.
6. Pay attention to the presence of a separate bedroom in the room, whether there is a gym in the garden.
7. See if there are enough toys in the group and if they are of good quality, if the educators have modern didactic materials and teaching aids at their disposal.
8. Get to know the staff (doctor, teacher, nanny), look at the environment in which your child will be.

Adaptation and addiction of the child to kindergarten

Getting used to kindergarten is a complex painful process, both for the baby and for his parents. Stock up on patience and courage! Resist the temptation to leave your beloved child at home for a day or even a week. This will only delay the adaptation period and will not solve the problem. If the child cries, screams, does not want to go to the group, you must be absolutely calm, no matter how difficult it is for you.

The child is a good psychologist, so he should see your smile and think that nothing bad is happening. Most often, the child cries, because any changes in his life are a “little stress”, a new stage in his life the baby must go through and overcome on his own. Parents during the period of adaptation of the child to kindergarten should ensure a happy and comfortable pastime for the baby at home, good nutrition, regimen, walks in the fresh air. Remember, a kind and favorable atmosphere at home, your attention, is the key to successful adaptation of the child. When you bring your child to kindergarten, be adamant and very soon you will simply not recognize your baby. He will become more independent, reasonable, will “bring” new games and funny words from kindergarten, will make new friends and girlfriends.

If the kid didn’t like it right away in some kind of kindergarten, draw conclusions. A child, unlike adults, often immediately feels the general mood of a particular group. But keep in mind, if a child has an initial attitude "I don't want to go to kindergarten" - he will reject any kindergarten, even the best one ...

One mother arranged her daughter in a kindergarten, and, of course, she began with an institution that was reputed to be exemplary in the area. There, they say, there is active development, and swimming, and delicious food ... The manager met the visitors not very friendly. Nothing seems to be surprising - the head of the kindergarten, as a rule, is a busy person. But the tone was not too hospitable ... And most importantly, while walking along the corridor waiting, the girl looked into the group and saw this picture: the kids sit decorously on chairs along the walls, putting their hands on their knees. This is the busiest time of the day! The child frankly grimaced, and when they were nevertheless invited to the office and they began to hint that it was impossible to get into this institution just like that, the three-year-old girl, without undue diplomacy, said: "Mom, let's go to another kindergarten!" She pulled her mother towards the door. (Please note - we won’t go home at all, but look for another kindergarten!)

As a result, the girl “choosed” an ordinary ordinary kindergarten, unremarkable, but on her first visit, mother and daughter saw a different picture: the teacher brings lunch to the group, and then two children proudly walk in white caps and aprons: one carries bread on a tray, and the other is napkins. And one more thing: while, as usual, they were waiting for an audience with the manager (who in the most friendly tone asked them to wait a bit), not a single educational voice from the group was heard in any raised tones. The fact that children are brought up in this garden quite actively, without suppressing their personalities, was liked by both mother and daughter. By the way, the kindergarten in general did not deceive their expectations.

Decide what's important to you

For other adults, a good kindergarten is one where, in addition to general development, they will give a three-year-old baby a bunch of additional items, load him to the limit (for a lot of money from his parents), and as a result, sometimes it turns out that the child will not receive general development. Will be tired. And as a result, he will fall out of love with the kindergarten, and classes, and communication.

To others, a garden closer to home seems to be the most attractive. Many make a choice based on the external and internal "decoration" of the kindergarten - they say, are there carpets, are there many toys, are there repairs ...

Well, your right to use any criteria. But remember: not you, but the child will go to the kindergarten. So maybe being close to home is justified in some way (if you don't have a car). After all, it is difficult for a small child to make a long journey on foot or in public transport at first. But in everything else, keep an eye on the general mood of the team, the spirit that hovers in this garden.

Meet the Head of the Kindergarten

A lot in the kindergarten depends on the head (more precisely, on the head, since the vast majority of women work in this position). Your child will be happy in the kindergarten, which is run by the head, who combines the qualities of a teacher and an administrator in equal measure. I’ll warn you right away: a balanced combination of these qualities is quite rare, there is often a frank bias in one direction or another.

Here is one option: at the head of the kindergarten - wonderful teacher, loves children, respects educators. But at the same time, she completely lacks any administrative skills. And therefore it is difficult for her to control the recruitment and the quality of their work in the field. In one of these kindergartens, the headmaster conquered at first sight: young, friendly, second education - a child psychologist, loves kids and what is called, feels ... But on closer acquaintance with the kindergarten, the parents discovered that in the group their child had a frankly mediocre teacher and alcoholic babysitter As sad as it was, I had to part with the garden.

Option 2: manager born administrator(this is exactly the very indicative institution that we talked about above). The staff is well-trained, the selection of personnel is tough, the supply and maintenance of the kindergarten is at the highest level (and this also needs to be able to organize ...) But at the same time, there is a rather cool attitude towards both children and teachers. That is why the educators themselves, with all their professionalism, often broke down on the children (and so that there were no complaints at work, they simply forced the kids to sit on the chairs - if you don’t want to be pointed out to mistakes, it’s better not to do anything ...) As a result, communication with the kids at exemplary The exemplary provision was rather formal, which was clearly not to the benefit of the children. And the kindergarten actually attracted parents more, and then for the time being.

Third option - happy combination administrator and teacher. This is the kindergarten that a three-year-old girl chose, whom her mother "attached" to a children's institution. Yes, here the manager most likely did not seek to make her garden an exemplary one, but most likely because she understood that this would not benefit the children and staff. On the other hand, it is possible to avoid unnecessary checks and allow educators not to formalize work with children, but, on the contrary, to make it active and close to the children themselves. On the other hand, the organization of work in the kindergarten did not suffer: there were no drunken nannies, no teachers yelling at the children; children's theaters periodically came to the kindergarten, various holidays were organized throughout the year, on New Year's - an indispensable Christmas tree ... This was not all over the edge, but it was felt that the work in the kindergarten was organized primarily with love for children.

What to do if you are actively asked to pay some kind of bribe when entering kindergarten

Often this is framed by the words: "Well, how can you help our kindergarten?" Usually a list of expensive purchases is offered that parents need to make for their offspring to enter the garden. Many parents go for it - they say, there is nothing to do ... And others ask - to pay or not to pay? There is only one answer - do not pay if you get a job in an ordinary municipal garden, in which you are simply obliged to be taken for free, if, moreover, your "turn" has come up for this.

Remember the well-known "law of bribery" - where money was extorted from you once, they will extort you twice and thrice, and why not? You paid once, and then prove later that it was your long-term savings and you don’t have that kind of money anymore!

In general, in any case, when you are offered to pay, ask - for what? If you hope that after your bribe, the child in the kindergarten will be treated better - then most likely, all the children there entered the kindergarten on the same grounds, and your child will not be an exception ...

Of course, we are talking again about the most ordinary garden. If you yourself decide to place your child in a private or specialized paid kindergarten, the fees for admission are initially agreed upon there. But this is no longer a bribe, but the cost of a place. There, this fee is of a completely different nature, and you decide on this fee yourself. At least you know what you are paying for, and at the same time you get the right to demand the provision of paid services. And in the case of unauthorized "help to the kindergarten" from the pocket of the parents - what can you demand?

It is clear that our municipal gardens are in a very deplorable state, and sometimes they are forced to take such measures. But help to the kindergarten may well be not only financial!

In many kindergartens, parents themselves glue and wash windows, bring flowers from home, food for birds and fish, as far as possible; Dads fix lockers and children's furniture. And one mother frankly had no time to glue windows, but having a computer and a printer at home, she typed and printed out the documentation necessary for the kindergarten (since there was no such “luxury” in the kindergarten itself) ... This kind of help is quite natural, especially if do not force by force with threats to recoup the child.

Meet the educators

So, if you have chosen a kindergarten at the head level, get to know those who work in the group that your child will attend.

Yes, at the level of salary that an employee of an ordinary kindergarten receives now, somehow the language does not turn to require special zeal in work - although to the credit of the educators it must be said that most of them are still in a good way fanatics of their work. Although there are also outright psychological sadists who are ready to work practically for free, but as compensation they have the opportunity to suppress people subordinate to them - even small ones.

Getting acquainted with educators, not only evaluate their character and desire to work with children, but also try not to cause tension in them yourself. After all, the key to a successful visit to a kindergarten by a child is the contact of parents and educators, the ability and desire to cooperate mutually.

Naritsyn Nikolai Nikolaevich, psychotherapist, psychoanalyst

You need to start choosing a kindergarten immediately after the birth of your baby. The easiest option is to enroll in the three closest to the house without pretensions. But this option is not for everyone. If you want to choose the best kindergarten, please be patient. Since a mother with a small child usually has no time for going to kindergartens, perhaps this task should be entrusted to dad.

How to choose a kindergarten?

• The surest way is to go around a dozen gardens closest to the house (a catalog of educational institutions in the city of Moscow), talk with the heads, look into the group, get to know the teacher and ask him all the questions that concern you.
• If in doubt about the choice between several gardens, focus primarily on the personality of the educator.
• Find out what additional opportunities the kindergarten provides: whether children are taken to the pool, on excursions, whether a psychologist, a speech therapist, or a theater workshop work in the garden.
• Find out if the kindergarten has a so-called "adaptation group" or SCT (short stay group). Some kindergartens have a free early development group - CIPR (Child Play Support Center).
• Focus on your first impression. The way you are received largely reflects how your child will be received. Do not be shy, you have every right to know everything about the kindergarten where your baby will go! Just in case, bring shoe covers.
• Start with the first thing that catches your eye - from the territory. How landscaped is it, are there any climbing gear, sand in the sandpits, flower beds, broken glass in the bushes and holes in the fence? Of course, the interior decoration of the kindergarten also speaks volumes.
• You can also watch from the outside how the walks go. Try somewhere nearby, without drawing attention to yourself, to observe the life of the group "in natural conditions."
• You can even get yourself a special notebook. Make a plan for the "inspection" and put on all parameters of evaluation after visiting each new kindergarten.
• Write down the numbers of the gardens that you like the most. After that, write to the forums, read moms' reviews about these gardens, and ask questions yourself. You can do the same by watching for mothers leaving the gates of the kindergarten with their children.
• It is desirable that the kindergarten is located not too far from home.
• You should not focus on the ratings of gardens, and victories in district competitions. City commissions can objectively evaluate formal features. Whether a garden is suitable for a child can only be determined by the parents.
• Pay attention to specialized gardens (eye, orthopedic, speech therapy and others). If you have reasons to apply, then this is a good option. As a rule, there are no queues in such institutions. There are no more than 10 people per group. And mothers speak of them better than ordinary gardens.
• Find out if there is a kindergarten at the organization where you or your husband works. In departmental institutions, babies are taken free of charge and without a queue.
• It is worth considering whether the option of a private or home kindergarten is right for you.

Some gardens have free early development group - CIPR(Center for Child Play Support). The group is designed for children from 1.5 years. Children go to classes with their mother 3 times a week. The CIPR program alternates between music, drawing, physical education, modeling, the development of fine motor skills, the study of poetry, sometimes massage, a swimming pool, and an oxygen cocktail. To find out which kindergarten to contact, call the district recruitment commission

Remember, the sooner you think about sending your baby to kindergarten, the easier and better your choice will be. You can deal with this issue immediately after the birth of the child. So you slowly decide which kindergarten is more suitable for you and your baby, you can evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a particular preschool institution. How to choose a kindergarten for a child will tell in this article.

Which kindergarten to choose

First, decide which kindergarten you want to send your child to.

1. State kindergarten usually located near your home, perhaps you yourself once visited it. Children are often enrolled in such kindergartens immediately after birth, because the queue usually comes up no earlier than three to four years later. State kindergartens operate according to a standard program approved by the Ministry of Education. They accept children according to the area of ​​​​residence, in a group there can be more than 25 children. Funding for these institutions is minimal, so you should not count on a too varied menu and a large number of toys.
2. Private kindergartens attract potential customers with new toys, high-quality interior decoration, a variety of teaching aids designed for the development of the child, as well as delicious food, small groups, where the teacher will pay attention to everyone. In such a kindergarten, they take it regardless of the place of residence, but the price for the services of such a kindergarten is high.
3. Departmental kindergartens is a separate category. They like to call them elite due to the fact that it is very difficult for outsiders to get here. Such kindergartens are in the department of any institution or enterprise and are created specifically for the children of employees. They are more well-groomed in comparison with the state ones; such institutions often have their own peculiarities of the educational process. The kindergarten provides a significant discount for its employees, while for outsiders the price can be as high as for a private kindergarten.

What to look for when choosing a nursery

To begin with, in order to choose a kindergarten, you need to collect information about a particular institution. To do this, visit the kindergarten and see how it suits you.

• Pay attention to the territory, its fenced off, cleanliness and grooming. Is there a playground for games and a gate that closes.
• Get to know the manager. She will talk about the kindergarten regime, explain how much time is spent on games and sleep, as well as developmental activities.
• Watch the staff. The group should have an assistant teacher and a second teacher. Note how educators communicate with each other, how they treat children, how passionate they are about their profession.
• There must be a nurse in the kindergarten and a mandatory medical examination before the child goes to the group. Pay attention to the equipment of the medical office.
• Evaluate the interior spaces, as well as their suitability for the child's stay. If everything is shabby and badly destroyed, there are no toys or they are broken, you should not waste your time on this garden. If the premises are clean, and the groups look well-groomed, there are toys and teaching aids, the staff treats children with care, then you can think about sending your child to such a kindergarten.

Choosing a good kindergarten for a child is a very difficult task. However, we should not forget that your baby will go to the kindergarten, not you. When choosing, try to take into account his personal characteristics and assess how comfortable your child will feel.

There are many kindergartens - both public and private, and there are even more selection criteria: educators, staff, and a development program are important. the site, together with Natalia Zakiryanova, a clinical psychologist at the My Joy children's center, understands what should be considered in order to choose the best option for your child.

What is important to parents?

the site conducted a survey among parents to find out what is important to them when choosing a kindergarten. 97 people took part in the survey. They noted that they first of all pay attention to the location of the kindergarten (closer to home or work) and only then to the competence of the teacher or his ability to empathize. Among the "Other" answers were the following options: "Safety and health protection", "Small groups", "Low price", "Shared vision about the development of children with a caregiver and other parents".

To the question "What else do you pay attention to when choosing a garden?" most noted the importance of garden equipment (premises, toys, good furniture, swimming pool), development programs for children and nutrition. There were also individual requests: "Food for allergy sufferers or the ability to bring your own", "How other children behave" and "For Montessori teachers to work."

Parents perceive kindergarten as a place where the child stays and spends time. Therefore, the most important thing for them is his safety and comfort: the ability of the teacher, if necessary, to provide first aid, quality food, garden equipment, environment and attitude towards the child.

What to look for when visiting a kindergarten

To make sure that the garden meets the requirements, Natalia Zakiryanova recommends carefully inspecting the garden outside and inside, as well as talking with caregivers and staff. It is also important to decide what the main task you entrust to the garden: it should help the child to socialize, develop and prepare for school, or just be a place where you can safely leave the child. It depends on what to pay attention to.

In any case, it is important for parents that the child is safe. To do this, when inspecting the garden, pay attention to:

Territory fencing. The fence should be high enough so that the child cannot climb over it, especially if there is a roadway nearby.

Entrance to the territory kindergarten should be closed.

The area around the garden. See if the verandas are well maintained, if the sand in the sandboxes is clean, if the slides, swings and sports facilities are safe and age-appropriate.

Playgrounds and caregiver behavior. It is worth visiting the garden during a walk and pay attention to which playgrounds the children play on and how the caregivers behave. Young children should not only be watched, but also participate in joint games with them. For older children, educators can give them their own choice of activities during a walk.

Rooms inside the garden. Obviously, all rooms should be clean, including stairs and corridors, and especially bathrooms. The rooms should have a comfortable temperature and fresh air without extraneous odors. Pay attention to the condition of the furniture in the groups: do the lockers open well, are there enough beds, tables and chairs. The area of ​​​​the room should correspond to the number of children: at least 4 square meters per child.

Garden equipment. Are there information boards for parents, educational toys, dance, music, gymnastics or pool areas and how safe do they look.

Food. Evaluate how varied the menu at the stand is, whether the dishes are new enough. Private gardens may have their own catering facility, or they may contract with companies to supply food. In your own catering unit, you can immediately control the quality of food.

What to talk about with the teacher and staff?

Feel free to ask the staff how many times a day they do wet cleaning, how often bed linen is changed and whether toys are washed. Get to know the teacher and, if possible, observe the educational process.

A good teacher has an individual approach to each child, he is attentive and tries to understand the pupil, knows how to resolve conflicts. At the same time, the teacher should not be too soft, since the safety of children depends on discipline. In the children's team, it is important to be quite strict, but not rude: the teacher can speak in a commanding tone, but should not scream and break loose.

Most parents note that it is empathy, personal approach and the ability to find a common language with the child that is most important when choosing a teacher.

Talk with the teacher about the features of development and employment: what programs do the children follow, do they correspond to the age of the child, how does the day go in the garden. Your views on these issues should coincide.

Natalia Zakiryanova explains that if you send a child of an early age (up to 3 years) to a kindergarten, then all-round development is necessary for him. At this age, a child does not have to learn foreign languages ​​and the alphabet, more important is physical education, speech development, modeling, construction, drawing, music, acquaintance with the outside world. You can talk about the employment of children not only with the teacher, but also with the kindergarten methodologist.

How can you help your child adjust?

Kindergarten is becoming a new and big part of a child's life, and the level of adaptation to new conditions can affect the state of mind and health. All children adapt to a new routine, conditions and environment in different ways, so parents should observe the behavior of the child in order to help him if necessary.

According to Natalia Zakiryanova, psychologists distinguish 3 degrees of child adaptation:

Easy adaptation. The kid joins the team in 2-4 weeks, stays in the group without tantrums and is the first to make contact with peers, easily adapts to the daily routine, adequately responds to the approval or disapproval of the teacher, tells his parents how the day went in the garden and what he learned new . It is clear from the child that he likes him, his mood does not change radically when he is taken to the garden.

Moderately addictive. The adaptation period is at least 1.5 months. The kid is sick, shows a pronounced negative reaction to the garden, does not want to part with the parent. At the same time, after some time, he is included in the process, participates in classes, games, and communicates with peers.

Heavy adaptation. Addiction can take from several months to several years. The child shows open aggression or withdraws into himself, demonstrating complete detachment from what is happening. Children with a difficult adaptation can stand aside all day, look out the window and wait to be taken home. They do not join games, do not participate in classes, do not want to communicate with other children, they cannot be interested in anything. It can reach a state of complete maladjustment and the inability to attend kindergarten.

"Much depends on the age of the child. One and a half year old children rarely like to attend kindergarten, at this age they are very attached to their mother. But if the kindergarten has good conditions and interested teachers, then after a while the negative from visiting the kindergarten in children decreases. Nevertheless, consciously children begin to want to go to kindergarten and feel comfortable all day without a mother by the age of 3-3.5 years," explains Natalia Zakiryanova.

To facilitate adaptation, you need to instill important skills. Teach your child to dress and undress independently, tie shoelaces, use a spoon and fork, beg and go to the potty, eat different foods, communicate with peers and adults, play with other children. Start with short stay groups and gradually increase your child's time in daycare. If the baby attended an early development group before going to kindergarten, then adaptation will be faster.

How to understand that the child is ill and needs to change the garden?

Interviewed parents note that the reason for changing kindergarten for them may be the child's dislike for the teacher, a poor development program, a bad attitude towards the child, a child's conflict with other children, or a conflict between the parents themselves and the teachers.

Changing kindergarten is stressful, because the child will again have to adapt to new conditions. It is worth making sure that the child really feels uncomfortable in the kindergarten and he needs a change of kindergarten, otherwise his anxiety can only be multiplied.

If the usual way of life of the child has not changed in the last 2-3 months, but you notice symptoms of stress, then most likely it is related to kindergarten. It can be lethargy, aggression, anxiety, tearfulness, capriciousness, changes in speech like stammering and stuttering, enuresis.

Natalia Zakiryanova says how to make sure that the problem is in kindergarten:"Invite your child to play in kindergarten. Pay attention to whether he agrees to the game with interest, whether there are dysfunctional plots in the game. Track if there are manifestations of negativity in drawings, modeling and other creativity.

The main thing is to trust the child: children feel better. It is we, adults, who see beautiful pictures - stands, furniture, toys. The child, on the other hand, feels: he unmistakably determines a good attitude towards him and knows when he is loved and understood.

Remember that the adaptation period does not reflect the child's attitude to kindergarten. Many children do not want to go to kindergarten in the morning, but in a group they are happy to get involved in games, exercises, activities and communication. If you are worried about the choice of kindergarten, then you should observe how the child behaves and how he communicates with peers and the teacher. Natalia Zakiryanova recommends taking a closer look at the facial expression, facial expressions, and gestures of the baby. Do not warn the staff about your visit and stand so that the child does not see you.

If you see that the child is getting used to the kindergarten badly and for a long time, is anxious, uncomfortable - this is the reason to change the kindergarten. "It is difficult to find a kindergarten that meets all the conditions. Determine your priorities and assess the situation as it is. Try to immediately choose from what suits your abilities and the needs of the child so that there is no need to change the kindergarten again," recommends Natalia Zakiryanov.